How to train my ear
General mountain dulcimer or music discussions
Put on some music and grab an instrument. Try to play along. Your first task will be to determine the key. Then you will pay attention to the structure of the music. Then you either start figuring out the chord progression or you start working on key melodic phrases. Eventually, you get the whole song.
Lather, rinse, repeat.
I played guitar (not very well) for years. I started at family sing-a-longs, and I learned pretty quickly how to hear chord changes in a song. I also used to watch a lot of sports, and I would do so with a guitar on my lap. When the commercials came on, I would try to play along with the jingles. That forced me to work through those steps above (determine the key, identify the melodic hook, etc.) super fast because each commercial might only last 30 seconds. But by the third or so time a given commercial aired, I could usually play along.
If you want to train your ear, I strongly suggest not looking at tab while you play. Look at your dulcimer and think. Think about the relationships between the frets and the notes they represent. Think about the relationships between the strings in the same way. And I would advise not thinking about absolute tones, but about intervals. For example, the distance from an open string and the second fret is a third. From the open string to the fourth fret is a fifth. To the seventh is an octave. And so forth.
Eventually, you'll be able to hum a song in your head and imagine how to play it on the dulcimer. And that's a pretty cool skill to have.
Thanks! I encountered an article on functional ear training while navigating the ToneScholar app. Do you think this method is as effective as the one you suggested? You can read the article here: https://tonescholar.com/blog/functional-ear-training-explained