DQOTD
Instruments- discuss specific features, luthiers, instrument problems & questions
Mostly just eye candy, Steven. Surely the shape of the dulcimer has some effect on the sound, but it's probably so negligible no one would notice. The type of wood also has an effect on sound, but on the list of variables that effect sound, it is way down there. I'm sure I can tell the difference between a Pritchard replica and a Blue Lion, but I doubt I could tell the difference between a Blue Lion with walnut body and a Blue Lion with a cherry body. Certainly whether the wood is figured or has beautiful grain patterns influences its looks, but not necessarily the sound or playability of the instrument.
Scroll pegheads look romantic but are a pain the arse to use. Flat heads are much more practical. A scroll head can increase substantially the time it takes to change strings. If you like the look of scroll heads, that's a compromise you have to make, although some luthiers such as Terry McCafferty try to create the best of both worlds by combining the two .
So much of this kind of thing is in the eye of the beholder. I like the look of ebony (or those artificial versions like micarta) overlay on the fretboard. I think the contrast between the dark black of the ebony and the lighter color of the other woods is striking. But I also find ebony easier to fret since it's so hard. And it's also resistant to scratches, which means something to aggressive flatpickers. So to me, anyway, ebony overlay enhances both the aesthetics and the performance of the dulcimer.
Your question isn't dumb at all. On some level, it's something we all have to address when buying an instrument or any product, really. That early 1960s Dodge Dart might look better with the stripes on the side, but that paint doesn't make the engine any smoother or more powerful. However, whether you have a slant 6 or a V8 engine probably does. Some years ago I bought an octave dulcimer from David Beede. He used to offer the option of adding turquoise purfling on the soundboard , and I thought it looked great. But when discussing with him whether I wanted to add it, he referred to it as "jewelry." And as soon I started thinking of it as "bling" with no purpose, I decided against it.