In a jam about a jam session with ukuleles, guitars & banjos
General mountain dulcimer or music discussions
@erna-schram, as you can see there are a few different approaches here. Mine is close to both Banjimer and Rob.
The most common keys in folk, bluegrass, or old timey jams are C, D, G, and A. If you practicetuning back and forth between DAA or DAd and CGG or CGC, then you will only need one dulcimer. For the key of G, capo at the third fret with your normal D tuning. For the key of A, capo at the fourth fret. Then all you have to know is how to transpose. What's nice about the capo is that you don't have to learn new chord shapes. You can continue to play the same chord shapes you already know. Then the only trick is knowing which chord to play. Perhaps this transposition chart will help.
It should be obvious how to read this. If you are playing a song in the key of C and you are tuned CGG or CGC, then when the song requires a C chord, you use the fingering for your D chord. When the song requires a G chord, you use your fingering for an A chord. If the song is in the key of G, then tuned DAD or DAA, put the capo on the third fret. If the song requires a G chord, you use the fingering for a D chord. If the song requires a Bm, you use the fingering for an F#m. And so forth.
Personally, if I were bringing two dulcimers to a jam, I would tune one as a baritone to be able to get the keys of G and A and the other as a standard to get D and C. Then no capos are needed. But if you only bring one dulcimer and a capo, you can easily get the four most common keys.
And if you think a little bit, you can get the others as well. What if someone wants to play in the key of F to fit their voice? You can tune to C and capo at 3! If someone wants to play in Ab, you might first call them crazy, and then you could think: "If a capo at the fourth fret gives me the key of A when I'm tuned to D, if I tune to Db, the fourth fret will be Ab!" A little bit of creative thought will allow you to find most keys without having to re-learn different chord fingerings for each one.
updated by @dusty: 04/11/18 10:56:05PM